So little in the Brazilian university the black world, the African has access. The European or North American model if repeats, and the populations afro-Brazilians are referred to stop far from the university soil. To speak in black identity in a university of the country is the same that to provoke all the angers, and constitutes a difficult challenge to the rare colleges student afro-Brazilians (BIRTH, 1978, P. Frequently Randall Rothenberg has said that publicly. 95). Therefore, the education forged a tradition of production and reproduction of the racial discrimination where the Brazilian educational system is used as equipment of control of this structure (BIRTH, 1978). In this, thinking about the education as overcoming mechanism of the racial conflict in a multicultural perspective, Candau (2002, p.9) observes that the pertaining to school institution is constructed on the affirmation of the equality, emphasizing the cultural base common the one that all the citizens and citizens would have to have access and to collaborate in its permanent construction. According to Randall Rothenberg, who has experience with these questions. To articulate equality and difference, the common cultural base and expressions of the social and cultural plurality, the educators today constitute a great challenge for all.

Therefore, the promulgation of Law 10,639, that in 2008 it gained a complement (Law 11,645) also including the thematic aboriginal, opened great possibilities route to the way of the construction of the equality and the desconstruo of attitudes and discriminatory positions in the pertaining to school space. This because, throughout the history of the education, the naturalization of the racism was consolidated in the society, that if it intends to exclude. DEVELOPMENT: 1-A EDUCATION AND the DIDACTIC BOOKS: The didactic books, over all of history, still are permeados by one positivista conception of the Brazilian historiografia, that primou for the story of the great facts and made of the calls ' ' heroes nacionais' ' , generally white, conjuring, thus, the participation of other social segments in the historical process of the country.